Liver Transplant Medicine

Liver Transplant Medicine

This specialty focuses on treating liver patients pertaining to pre-, peri- and post-liver-transplantation. Liver transplant clinical activity has emerged as a distinct focus of professional activity that encompasses various aspects of gastroenterology and hepatology, liver surgery, immunology, pathology, multidisciplinary internal medicine and intensive care. This multidisciplinary clinical activity aims at the best possible and evidence based liver care to facilitate optimization of liver disease patients awaiting liver transplantation.
Liver Transplant patients are treated by an integrated multidisciplinary team comprising of Transplant Surgeons, Hepatologists, Critical Care Specialists, Interventional Radiologists and other Supporting services such as transfusion services, microbiology, histopathology.
Liver transplant intervention is a medico surgical team work. Liver transplant medicine is woven in close cooperation with transplant surgery. The responsibility and accountability of clinical management shifts during the patient’s clinical course: predominantly medical management prior to transplantation, predominantly surgical management in the perioperative phase (Surgery and 3 months post operative period), with reversion to medical management beyond 3 months of transplant surgery. Clinical decisions are taken collectively by the medico-surgical transplant team within the paradigm of cooperative care.
Patient with chronic liver disease before transplant would undergo treatment modalities to manage complications of the liver disease, those related to increased liver pressure, waterlogging , liver brain dysfunction, increased liver pressure adversely affecting health of other organs like kidney, heart, lung and muscles. Carrying out pretransplant evaluation is extremely important to see if transplant is strictly indicated to save life of the patient and also to see if there are any factors in the patient which would predict a poor post transplant success ( contraindications).Last but not the least, preliver transplant assessment throws light on optimization strategies to make the patient fit enough to undergo transplant surgery. Bridging techniques like TIPS to reduce liver pressure and clinical decision making on non surgical/pre transplant management of liver cancer, viz, RFA,TACE, TARE( details given in the section on “Procedures offered”).
Long term survival after liver transplantation depends on regular follow up in transplant hepatology clinic which constantly monitors health of new liver, flow in the blood vessels and biliary system, antirejections medications, prompt treatment of infections. Meticulous management of diabetes, hypertension and raised cholesterol levels adds on to post transplant survival.

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